Optimisation du personnel ferroviaire : une approche matheuristique
Nicolas Zufferey, professeur 脿 la GSEM, a co-茅crit un article avec Marie-Sklaerder Vi茅 et Stefan Minner publi茅 dans la revue de premier plan听OR Spectrum. L'茅tude aborde le probl猫me de l鈥檕rdonnancement des locomotives et des conducteurs auquel est confront茅e SBB Cargo AG. La coordination efficace des trains et des conducteurs est essentielle pour optimiser les op茅rations et r茅duire les co没ts. Leur approche innovante combine des m茅thodes d'optimisation math茅matique avec des heuristiques, ce qui r茅sulte en une matheuristique. Cette m茅thode hybride permet de trouver un 茅quilibre entre l'efficacit茅 computationnelle et la qualit茅 des solutions.
Nicolas Zufferey a听b茅n茅fici茅 du soutien de CFF Cargo AG et de l'鲍苍颈惫别谤蝉颈迟茅 de Gen猫ve.
ABSTRACT
At the scale of Switzerland, the national railway company SBB Cargo AG has to schedule its locomotives and drivers in order to be able to pull all trains. Two objective functions are considered in a two-stage lexicographic fashion: (1) the locomotive and driver costs and (2) the driver time that is spent without driving. As the problem instances tend to reach big sizes (up to 1900 trains), we propose to schedule locomotives and drivers in a sequential way, thus having a sequence of smaller problems to solve. Moreover, for smaller instances, we also propose to schedule jointly locomotives and drivers in an integrated way, therefore increasing the search space but possibly leading to better solutions. In this paper, we present a mathematical formulation and model for the problem. We also consider the contract-related constraints of the drivers, and we propose a way to integrate some time flexibility in the schedules. Next, we propose an innovative matheuristic to solve the problem, relying on a descent local search and a rolling horizon decomposition. An important goal of this method is to explore thoroughly at which extent a general-purpose solver can be used on this problem. Finally, the benefits of each aspect of the model and of the method are analyzed in detail on the results obtained for 20 real SBB Cargo AG instances.
Acc茅dez 脿 l'茅tude : (en anglais)
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20 f茅vrier 20242024
